The teachings of Mahatma Gandhi were powerful enough to play a major role in the nonviolent revolution that overthrew British colonialism in India. They are clearly still of utmost relevance today. Central to Gandhi’s philosophy was the principle of ’swadeshi’, which, in effect, means local self-sufficiency.
According to the principle of swadeshi, whatever is made or produced in the village must be used first and foremost by the members of the village. Trading among villages and between villages and towns should be minimal, like icing on the cake. Goods and services that cannot be generated within the community can be bought from elsewhere.
The driving force behind mass production is a cult of the individual. What motive can there be for the expansion of the economy on a global scale, other than the desire for personal and corporate profit?
In order to protect their economic interests, countries go to war – military war as well as economic war. Gandhi said, “People have to live in villages communities and simple homes rather than desire to live in palaces.” Millions of people will never be able to live at peace with each other if they are constantly fighting for a higher living standard.
We cannot have real peace in the world if we look at each other’s countries as sources for raw materials or as markets for finished industrial goods. The seeds of war are sown with economic greed. If we analyze the causes of war throughout history, we find that the pursuit of economic expansion consistently leads to military adventures. “There is enough for everybody’s need, but not enough for any-body’s greed,” said Gandhi. Swadeshi is thus a prerequisite for peace.
The economists and industrialists of our time fail to see when enough is enough. Even when countries reach a very high material standard of living, they are still caught up with the idea of economic growth. Those who do not know when enough is enough will never have enough, but those who know when enough is enough already have enough.
While this idea may not be possible right now at this time, it is possible for us to start thinking in a more simple way. What is really important to us and how do our consumption habits affect our local and global community? How can we contribute to the enhancement of community spirit, relationships, and well-being? When is enough – enough? How much do we really need to be at peace and satisfied? I would suggest that we need a lot less than the marketers and advertising agencies would lead us to believe.
Much of this post is from “The Case Against the Global Economy – and for a turn toward the local”; edited by Jerry Mander and Edward Goldsmith.